CMIP6 Multi-Model Mean Context

Comparison with CMIP6 ensemble mean from 11 members.

Contributing models: ACCESS-ESM1-5, AWI-CM-1-1-MR, CNRM-CM6-1, CNRM-ESM2-1, EC-Earth3, FGOALS-g3, GISS-E2-1-G, INM-CM5-0, IPSL-CM6A-LR, MPI-ESM1-2-LR, MRI-ESM2-0

Total Cloud Cover Annual Linear Trend

Total Cloud Cover Annual Linear Trend
Variables clt
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units %/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: -0.12 · Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.53 · Trend Rmse: 1.72
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.42 · Trend Rmse: 1.50
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.42 · Trend Rmse: 1.57
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.25 · Trend Rmse: 1.81
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.51 · Trend Rmse: 1.86
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.61 · Trend Rmse: 1.91
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.54 · Trend Rmse: 1.62
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.45 · Trend Rmse: 1.59
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.37 · Trend Rmse: 1.69
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.38 · Trend Rmse: 1.59
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.23 · Trend Rmse: 1.60
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.53 · Trend Rmse: 1.72
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.32 · Trend Rmse: 1.73

Total Cloud Cover DJF Linear Trend

Total Cloud Cover DJF Linear Trend
Variables clt
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units %/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.34 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.29 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.06 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.42 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.35 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.35 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.39 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.43 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.49 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.33 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.50 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.11 · Trend Rmse: None

Total Cloud Cover JJA Linear Trend

Total Cloud Cover JJA Linear Trend
Variables clt
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units %/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.55 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.54 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.40 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.70 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.76 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.71 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.54 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.52 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.45 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.37 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.62 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.39 · Trend Rmse: None

Surface Latent Heat Flux Annual Linear Trend

Surface Latent Heat Flux Annual Linear Trend
Variables hfls
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: -0.24 · Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.96 · Trend Rmse: 4.90

Surface Latent Heat Flux DJF Linear Trend

Surface Latent Heat Flux DJF Linear Trend
Variables hfls
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

Surface Latent Heat Flux JJA Linear Trend

Surface Latent Heat Flux JJA Linear Trend
Variables hfls
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

Surface Sensible Heat Flux Annual Linear Trend

Surface Sensible Heat Flux Annual Linear Trend
Variables hfss
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: 0.07 · Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.45 · Trend Rmse: 2.07

Surface Sensible Heat Flux DJF Linear Trend

Surface Sensible Heat Flux DJF Linear Trend
Variables hfss
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

Surface Sensible Heat Flux JJA Linear Trend

Surface Sensible Heat Flux JJA Linear Trend
Variables hfss
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

Total Precipitation Rate Annual Linear Trend

Total Precipitation Rate Annual Linear Trend
Variables pr
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units kg/m2/s/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: 0.00 · Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.00

Total Precipitation Rate DJF Linear Trend

Total Precipitation Rate DJF Linear Trend
Variables pr
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units kg/m2/s/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None

Total Precipitation Rate JJA Linear Trend

Total Precipitation Rate JJA Linear Trend
Variables pr
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units kg/m2/s/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None

Mean Sea Level Pressure Annual Linear Trend

Mean Sea Level Pressure Annual Linear Trend
Variables psl
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units Pa/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: -1.84 · Global Mean Trend Diff: -5.65 · Trend Rmse: 44.40
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: -4.36 · Trend Rmse: 38.54
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -4.98 · Trend Rmse: 44.26
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -5.82 · Trend Rmse: 45.25
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.32 · Trend Rmse: 46.16
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -2.00 · Trend Rmse: 48.55
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.24 · Trend Rmse: 47.42
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -3.52 · Trend Rmse: 48.86
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.10 · Trend Rmse: 48.37
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -1.13 · Trend Rmse: 43.42
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.24 · Trend Rmse: 47.64
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.01 · Trend Rmse: 47.11
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -5.64 · Trend Rmse: 48.64

Mean Sea Level Pressure DJF Linear Trend

Mean Sea Level Pressure DJF Linear Trend
Variables psl
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units Pa/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: -4.85 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -4.23 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -5.47 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.61 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -2.56 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -1.99 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -4.65 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -5.54 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -2.84 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.43 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.63 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.15 · Trend Rmse: None

Mean Sea Level Pressure JJA Linear Trend

Mean Sea Level Pressure JJA Linear Trend
Variables psl
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units Pa/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: -4.48 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -5.98 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.45 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -7.08 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -1.08 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.90 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -2.90 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.48 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.77 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.11 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.04 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -6.76 · Trend Rmse: None

Surface Downwelling Longwave Annual Linear Trend

Surface Downwelling Longwave Annual Linear Trend
Variables rlds
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: 1.36 · Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.41 · Trend Rmse: 1.64
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.96 · Trend Rmse: 1.63
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.37 · Trend Rmse: 1.52
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.75 · Trend Rmse: 1.86
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.06 · Trend Rmse: 2.10
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.56 · Trend Rmse: 2.44
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 2.16 · Trend Rmse: 2.84
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.28 · Trend Rmse: 1.84
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.11 · Trend Rmse: 1.90
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.86 · Trend Rmse: 1.67
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.10 · Trend Rmse: 2.04
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.50 · Trend Rmse: 1.67
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.82 · Trend Rmse: 1.75

Surface Downwelling Longwave DJF Linear Trend

Surface Downwelling Longwave DJF Linear Trend
Variables rlds
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.97 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.25 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.70 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.00 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.76 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 2.16 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.26 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.02 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.86 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.03 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.57 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.00 · Trend Rmse: None

Surface Downwelling Longwave JJA Linear Trend

Surface Downwelling Longwave JJA Linear Trend
Variables rlds
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.95 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.41 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.65 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.08 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.50 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 2.13 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.35 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.12 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.86 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 1.03 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.45 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.91 · Trend Rmse: None

Surface Net Longwave Radiation Annual Linear Trend

Surface Net Longwave Radiation Annual Linear Trend
Variables rls
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: 0.32 · Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.29 · Trend Rmse: 1.32

Surface Net Longwave Radiation DJF Linear Trend

Surface Net Longwave Radiation DJF Linear Trend
Variables rls
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

Surface Net Longwave Radiation JJA Linear Trend

Surface Net Longwave Radiation JJA Linear Trend
Variables rls
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

Surface Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) Annual Linear Trend

Surface Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) Annual Linear Trend
Variables rlscs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: 0.55 · Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.47 · Trend Rmse: 1.16

Surface Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) DJF Linear Trend

Surface Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) DJF Linear Trend
Variables rlscs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

Surface Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) JJA Linear Trend

Surface Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) JJA Linear Trend
Variables rlscs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

TOA Net Longwave Radiation Annual Linear Trend

TOA Net Longwave Radiation Annual Linear Trend
Variables rlt
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: -0.23 · Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.47 · Trend Rmse: 1.94

TOA Net Longwave Radiation DJF Linear Trend

TOA Net Longwave Radiation DJF Linear Trend
Variables rlt
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

TOA Net Longwave Radiation JJA Linear Trend

TOA Net Longwave Radiation JJA Linear Trend
Variables rlt
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

TOA Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) Annual Linear Trend

TOA Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) Annual Linear Trend
Variables rltcs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: -0.16 · Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.23 · Trend Rmse: 0.80

TOA Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) DJF Linear Trend

TOA Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) DJF Linear Trend
Variables rltcs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

TOA Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) JJA Linear Trend

TOA Net Longwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) JJA Linear Trend
Variables rltcs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

Surface Downwelling Shortwave Annual Linear Trend

Surface Downwelling Shortwave Annual Linear Trend
Variables rsds
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: 0.34 · Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.47 · Trend Rmse: 2.69
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.11 · Trend Rmse: 2.29
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.14 · Trend Rmse: 2.39
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.07 · Trend Rmse: 2.85
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: 2.84
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.44 · Trend Rmse: 2.87
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: 2.67
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.13 · Trend Rmse: 2.57
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.08 · Trend Rmse: 2.65
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.02 · Trend Rmse: 2.55
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.02 · Trend Rmse: 2.68
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.24 · Trend Rmse: 2.51
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.11 · Trend Rmse: 2.76

Surface Downwelling Shortwave DJF Linear Trend

Surface Downwelling Shortwave DJF Linear Trend
Variables rsds
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.02 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.04 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.16 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.22 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.04 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.03 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.18 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.16 · Trend Rmse: None

Surface Downwelling Shortwave JJA Linear Trend

Surface Downwelling Shortwave JJA Linear Trend
Variables rsds
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.19 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.20 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.17 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.33 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.58 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.13 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.22 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.20 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.02 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.25 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.04 · Trend Rmse: None

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation Annual Linear Trend

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation Annual Linear Trend
Variables rss
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: 0.28 · Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.34 · Trend Rmse: 2.69

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation DJF Linear Trend

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation DJF Linear Trend
Variables rss
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation JJA Linear Trend

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation JJA Linear Trend
Variables rss
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) Annual Linear Trend

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) Annual Linear Trend
Variables rsscs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: 0.27 · Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.36 · Trend Rmse: 1.87

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) DJF Linear Trend

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) DJF Linear Trend
Variables rsscs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) JJA Linear Trend

Surface Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) JJA Linear Trend
Variables rsscs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation Annual Linear Trend

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation Annual Linear Trend
Variables rst
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: 0.63 · Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.47 · Trend Rmse: 2.43

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation DJF Linear Trend

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation DJF Linear Trend
Variables rst
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation JJA Linear Trend

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation JJA Linear Trend
Variables rst
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) Annual Linear Trend

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) Annual Linear Trend
Variables rstcs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: 0.67 · Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.20 · Trend Rmse: 1.66

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) DJF Linear Trend

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) DJF Linear Trend
Variables rstcs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) JJA Linear Trend

TOA Net Shortwave Radiation (Clear-Sky) JJA Linear Trend
Variables rstcs
Models ifs-fesom
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units W/m2/decade
Period 1990–2014

2m Temperature Annual Linear Trend

2m Temperature Annual Linear Trend
Variables tas
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units K/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: 0.20 · Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.03 · Trend Rmse: 0.32
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.12 · Trend Rmse: 0.25
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: 0.26
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.10 · Trend Rmse: 0.31
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.13 · Trend Rmse: 0.36
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.22 · Trend Rmse: 0.39
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.32 · Trend Rmse: 0.51
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: 0.38
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.14 · Trend Rmse: 0.31
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.09 · Trend Rmse: 0.29
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.13 · Trend Rmse: 0.33
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.04 · Trend Rmse: 0.29
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.10 · Trend Rmse: 0.30

2m Temperature DJF Linear Trend

2m Temperature DJF Linear Trend
Variables tas
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units K/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.13 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.09 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.12 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.27 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.36 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.14 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.13 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.14 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.07 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.11 · Trend Rmse: None

2m Temperature JJA Linear Trend

2m Temperature JJA Linear Trend
Variables tas
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units K/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.13 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.04 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.10 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.17 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.22 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.30 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.04 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.16 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.10 · Trend Rmse: None
FGOALS-g3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.13 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.04 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.12 · Trend Rmse: None

10m U Wind Annual Linear Trend

10m U Wind Annual Linear Trend
Variables uas
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units m/s/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: -0.00 · Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.06 · Trend Rmse: 0.22
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.06 · Trend Rmse: 0.21
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.04 · Trend Rmse: 0.22
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.06 · Trend Rmse: 0.27
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.05 · Trend Rmse: 0.23
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.07 · Trend Rmse: 0.27
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.05 · Trend Rmse: 0.23
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.07 · Trend Rmse: 0.23
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.05 · Trend Rmse: 0.26
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.06 · Trend Rmse: 0.25
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.08 · Trend Rmse: 0.24
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.06 · Trend Rmse: 0.22

10m U Wind DJF Linear Trend

10m U Wind DJF Linear Trend
Variables uas
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units m/s/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.05 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.05 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.05 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.07 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.02 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.05 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.04 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.04 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.07 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.06 · Trend Rmse: None

10m U Wind JJA Linear Trend

10m U Wind JJA Linear Trend
Variables uas
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units m/s/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.08 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.08 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.07 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.06 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.05 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.08 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.09 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.08 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.10 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.10 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.07 · Trend Rmse: None

10m V Wind Annual Linear Trend

10m V Wind Annual Linear Trend
Variables vas
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units m/s/decade
Period 1990–2014
ifs-fesom Global Mean Trend: -0.00 · Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: 0.15
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: 0.14
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.16
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: 0.16
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: 0.15
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.18
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: 0.17
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: 0.15
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: 0.16
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: 0.16
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.02 · Trend Rmse: 0.16
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.02 · Trend Rmse: 0.19

10m V Wind DJF Linear Trend

10m V Wind DJF Linear Trend
Variables vas
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units m/s/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.02 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.02 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: 0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None

10m V Wind JJA Linear Trend

10m V Wind JJA Linear Trend
Variables vas
Models ifs-fesom, CMIP6 MMM, MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1, GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2, IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1, ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1, EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2, AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1, CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2, INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1, MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1
Reference Dataset ERA5
Units m/s/decade
Period 1990–2014
CMIP6 MMM Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.02 · Trend Rmse: None
MPI-ESM1-2-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
GISS-E2-1-G/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.02 · Trend Rmse: None
IPSL-CM6A-LR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.02 · Trend Rmse: None
ACCESS-ESM1-5/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.00 · Trend Rmse: None
EC-Earth3/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-CM6-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.02 · Trend Rmse: None
AWI-CM-1-1-MR/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.01 · Trend Rmse: None
CNRM-ESM2-1/r1i1p1f2 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.02 · Trend Rmse: None
INM-CM5-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.02 · Trend Rmse: None
MRI-ESM2-0/r1i1p1f1 Global Mean Trend Diff: -0.04 · Trend Rmse: None